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In 2011, within the framework of the SHARE project a new GPS receiver Leica GRX 1200 + GNSS was installed on a hill near the Pyramid Laboratory. Coordinates: Latitude: 27°57'33.23 Longitude: 86°48'47.14 Elevation: 4994.59 (above the GRS84 Ellipsoid)

Place: Paiju bridge, Braldu river Country: Pakistan Position: latitude 3950628 N longitude 588136 E Drainage Area (km2): 1331 Icy Area (km2): (377676 ?) 614 Altitude (m a.s.l.): 3356

Survey2012 Date: 20 maggio 2012 Measure System: flow tracker Q (m3/s)75 q (m3/(s km2))0,011 Date::02 giugno 2012 Measure System: flow tracker Q (m3/s)110 q (m3/(s km2))0,016 Date::20 maggio 2012 Measure System: topographic survey

Survey 2011 Date: 13 aprile 2011 Measure System: flow tracker Q (m3/s): 3,0 q (m3/(s km2)): 0,001 Date: 13 aprile 2011 Measure System: salt tracer Q (m3/s): 2,8 q (m3/(s km2)): 0,001 Date: 13 aprile 2011 Measure System: topographic survey

The presence of massive ice-lenses in periglacial areas can be a direct proof of permafrost occurrence. Such evidence from trenches or construction sites in high-mountain areas can provide useful information. Massive ice can also be observed in rockfall scars and can represents evidence of permafrost.

Survey2013 Date: 25 aprile 2013 Measure System: salt tracer Q (m3/s): 32,742 q (m3/(s km2): )0,022 Date: 25 aprile 2013 Measure System: salt tracer Q (m3/s): 44,603 q (m3/(s km2): )0,030

Place: Biafo bridge- Braldu river Country: Pakistan Position: latitude 3948125 N longitude 578904 E Drainage Area (km2): 844 Icy Area (km2): 462 Altitude (m a.s.l.): 2995

As regards permafrost, at the Stelvio-Livrio site (3000 m) since 1998 is active a borehole, performed in the framework of the international project PACE (Guglielmin, 2004; Harris et al., 2003) and equipped with thermistors and data loggers from the surface up to 100.3 m of depth. Thermal data indicate a possible permafrost base (cryopeg) located at about 200 m of depth or more, a very deep value for the Alps which suggests to focus here further investigations. Moreover in the Park are also present several rock glaciers, among the most interesting periglacial landforms (Smiraglia, 1985; 1987; Guglielmin, 1997) which whenever active are characterized by an ice core driving their dynamics and preserving important information on past environmental and climate history (Guglielmin et al., 2004; Stenni et al., 2007).

The Alpine Permafrost Data (APD) is an on-line service for collecting and sharing permafrost data, or permafrost evidence, in the European Alps. The permafrost evidence is a direct or indirect proof of the presence or absence of permafrost in a specific location obtained by field measures or observations. The Alpine Permafrsot Database (APD) collects Rock Glacier Inventories and the following Permafrost evidence: - Boreholes Temperature (BH) - Ground Surface Temperature (GST) - Surface Movement in periglacial areas (SM) - Results of Geophysical Prospecting - Perennial-ice in rock-fall scars, trenches or construction sites - Other indirect permafrost evidence